Nursing Outlook
Volume 53, Issue 1 , Pages 26-32 , January 2005

Health insurance for type 1 diabetes mellitus: US competition and French coverage

  • Mary E. Duffy, RN, PhD, Dr. Soc Sc (hon)

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Mary E. Duffy, RN, PhD, Professor, University of Utah College of Nursing, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5880.

References 

  1. American Diabetes Association . Economic costs of diabetes in the US in 2002 . Diab Care . 2003;26:917–932
  2. World Health Organization. The world health report 2000 health systems: improving performance. Available at: http://www.who.int/health-systems-performance/whr2000.htm.
  3. Bodenheimer TS , Grumbach K . Understanding health policy: a clinical approach . Stamford, CN: Appleton & Lange; 1995;
  4. Kaiser Daily Health Policy Report. UAW made concessions on wage increases to preserve health benefits. Available at: http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/print_report.cfm?
  5. Greenhouse S. Two sides seem entrenched in supermarket dispute. The New York Times 2003, Nov 10. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/10/national/10STR1.html.
  6. Institute of Medicine . Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century . Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2000;
  7. Families USA. Top dollar: CEO compensation in Medicare's private insurance plans. Available at: http://www.familiesusa.org/site.pdf.
  8. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. OECD data show health expenditures at an all-time high. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/document/39/0,2340,en_2649_34631_2789735_1_1_1_1,00.html.
  9. World Health Organisation. WHO issues new healthy life expectancy rankings: Japan number one in new “healthy life” system. Available at: http://www.who.int/inf-pr-2000/en/pr2000-life.html.
  10. Rodwin VG . Health care system under French national health insurance: lessons for health reform in the United States . Am J Publ Health . 2003;93:31–37
  11. Brown LD . Comparing health systems in four countries: lessons for the United States . Am J Public Health . 2003;93:52–56
  12. Partnerships for Solutions . Chronic conditions: making the case for ongoing care . Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University; 2002;
  13. Marcelle S. Tout ce qui devrait changer. La Dépêche du Midi 2004 July 20.
  14. Raffarin JP. Santé: M Raffarin veut accroître la part de l'assurance privée. Le Monde 2003 Oct 14. Retrieved October 15, 2003 from http://www.lemonde.fr/web/recherche_articleweb/1,13-0,36-337966,0.html.
  15. Woolhandler S , Campbell T , Himmelstein DU . Costs of health care administration in the United States and Canada . N Engl J Med . 2003;349:768–775
  16. Davis K, Cooper BS. American health care: why so costly? Available at: http://www.cmwf.org/programs/qu.pdf. Invited testimony, Senate Appropriations Committee 2003 Jun 11.
  17. Boccuti C, Moon M. Comparing Medicare and private insurers: growth rates in spending over three decades. Available at: http://www.cmwf.org/programs/me.pdf Health Affairs (serial online) 2003;22:230-7.
  18. Anderson GF, Reinhardt UE, Hussey PS, Petrosyan V. It's the prices, stupid: why the United States is so different from other countries. Available at: http://www.healthaffairs.org/re.pdf Health Affairs (serial online) 2003;22:89-103.
  19. Davey M. Illinois considers buying drugs in Canada. The New York Times 2003 Sept 16;Sect. A:17.
  20. Securities and Exchange Commission. Pharmaceutical company expenses: cost of sales, marketing, R&D compared. Available at: http://www.cptech.org/ip/health/econ/allocation.html.
  21. Eli Lily and Company. 2002 financial highlights. Available at: http://lilly.com/investor/annua.pdf.
  22. Davis K. Time for change: the hidden cost of a fragmented health insurance system. Invited testimony, In Critical Condition: America's Ailing Health Care System, Senate Special Committee on Aging, 10 Mar 2003. Retrieved September 19, 2003 from http://www.cmwf.org/programs/insurance/davis_senatecommitteetestimony_622.pdf.
  23. Freudenheim M. Employees paying ever-bigger share for health care. The New York Times 2003 Sept 10; Sect. A, 1, C1.
  24. US Census Bureau. Health insurance coverage in the United States: 2002. Available at: http://www.census.gov/prod/2003.pdf.
  25. Zuckerman S. Gains in public health insurance offset reductions in employer coverage among adults. In: Snapshots of America's Families 111, No 8. Washington (DC): Urban Institute; 2003. Retrieved October 9, 2003 from http://www.urban.org/urlprint.cfm?
  26. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. Chart 2. Health expenditure by source of funding, 2000. Available at: http://oecd.org/document/11/0,2340,en_2825_495642_16502667_1_1_1_1,00.html.
  27. Institute of Medicine . Hidden costs, value lost: uninsurance in America . Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2003;
  28. Bhandari S, Mills R. Dynamics of economic well-being: health insurance 1996-1999: household economic studies. Available at: http://www.sipp.census.gov/sipp.pdf.
  29. Whalen JP . Health care in America: lost opportunities amid plenty . Qualitative Hlth Res . 2003;13:857–870
  30. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. OECD countries struggle with rising demand for health spending. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/document/38/0,2340,en_2649_201185_16560422_1_1_1_1,00.html.
  31. Charles MA . Diabetes management: complications risk assessment, diagnosis, and therapeutic options . J Am Med Assoc . 2002;287:2588–2589
  32. Anderson GF, Hussey PS. Charts from multinational comparisons of health systems data 2000: charts VIII1-VII11 and IX1-IX2. Available at: http://www.cmwf.org/programs/international/comp_chartbook_charts4.asp.
  33. Lee ET , Keen H , Bennett PH , Fuller JH , Lu M  WHO Multinational Study Group . Follow-up of the WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetes: general description and morbidity . Diabetologia . 2001;44:S3–S13
  34. Lloyd E , Stephenson J , Fuller JH , Orchard TJ . A comparison of renal disease across two continents: the epidemiology of diabetes complications study and the EURODIAB IDDM complications study . Diabetes Care . 1996;19:219–225
  35. Valle T , Koivisto V , Reunanen A , Kangas T , Rissanen A . Glycemic control in patients with diabetes in Finland . Diabetes Care . 1999;22:575–579
  36. Portuese E , Orchard T . Mortality in insulin-dependent diabetes . In:  Harris MI , et al. editor. Diabetes in America . 2nd ed. Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestives and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health; 1995;p. 221–232
  37. American Diabetes Association . Standards of medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus . Diabetes Care . 2003;26:S33–S50
  38. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) Research Group . The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus . N Engl J Med . 1993;329:977–986
  39. Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) Research Group . Design, implementation, and preliminary results of a long-term follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial cohort . Diabetes Care . 1999;22:99–111
  40. American Diabetes Association. Proposed Medicaid cuts threaten lives of people living with diabetes. In the News, 12 Mar 2003.
  41. Ricordeau P , Weill A , Vallier N , Bourrel R , Fender P , Allemand H . The cost of diabetes in metropolitan France . Diabetes Metab . 2000;26:25–38
  42. Ricordeau P , Weill A , Vallier N , Bourrel R , Fender P , Allemand H . The prevalence and cost of diabetes in metropolitan France: what trends between 1998 and 2000? . Diabetes Metab . 2003;29:497–504
  43. Association De Langue Française Pour L'Etude Du Diabète Et Des Maladies Metaboliques (Alfediam). Données récentes sur l'épidémiologie, le coût et la prise en charge du diabète en France Métropoloitaine. Retrieved December 4, 2003 from http://www.alfediam.org/membres/cout_diabete/index.asp.
  44. Herman WH , Dasbach EJ , Songer TJ , Eastman RC . The cost-effectiveness of intensive therapy for diabetes mellitus . Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am . 1997;26:679–695
  45. Druss BG , Marcus SC , Olfson M , Tanielian T , Elinson L , Pincus HA . Comparing the national economic burden of five chronic conditions . Health Aff . 2001;20:233–241
  46. Lorelle V. Les laboratories se livrent bataille dans le traitement du diabète. LeMonde/Dimanche 12-Lundi 13 Août 2001;10.
  47. Cooksey C, Lanza AP. Examining diabetes health benefits in health plans of large employers. J Public Health Management Practice 2003;Nov(Suppl):S30-S35.
  48. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Preventing diabetes and its complications. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nccpdh/pe_factsheets/pe_ddt.html.
  49. Klonoff DC , Schwartz DM . An economic analysis of interventions for diabetes . Diabetes Care . 2000;23:390–404
  50. Palmer AJ , Weiss C , Sendi PP , Neeser K , Brandt A , Singh G , et al.  The cost-effectiveness of different management strategies for type 1 diabetes: a Swiss perspective . Diabetologia . 2000;43:13–26
  51. van Os N , Niessen LW , Bilo HJ , Casparie AF , van Hout BA . Diabetes nephropathy in the Netherlands: a cost effectiveness analysis of national clinical guidelines . Health Policy . 2000;51:135–147
  52. Wu SY , Sainfort F , Tomar RH , Tollios JL , Fryback DG , Klein R , et al.  Development and application of a model to estimate the impact of type 1 diabetes and health-related quality of life . Diabetes Care . 1998;21:725–731
  53. The Writing Team for the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) Research Group . Effect of intensive therapy on the microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus . J Am Med Assoc . 2002;287:2563–2569
  54. American Diabetes Association. HEALTHBEAT how to shake complacency so diabetics get better care? In the News, 6 Aug 2002. Retrieved August 10, 2002 from http://ada.yellowbrix.com/pages/ada/Story.nsp?.
  55. National Conference of State Legislatures. State laws mandating diabetes health coverage. December 2003. Available at: http://www.ncsl.org/programs/health/diabetes.html.
  56. Wong MD , Andersen R , Sherbourne CD , Hays RD , Shapiro MF . Effects of cost sharing on care seeking and health status: results from the medical outcomes study . Am J Public Health . 2001;91:1889–1894
  57. Harris MI . Racial and ethnic differences in health insurance coverage for adults with diabetes . Diabetes Care . 1999;22:1679–1682
  58. Partnership for Prevention. Diabetes: common, serious, costly, getting worse…and preventable. March 2002. Available at: http://www.prevent.org/priorities/PinP_0302_Diabetes_New.pdf.
  59. Songer TJ . The role of cost-effectiveness analysis and health insurance in diabetes care . Diabetes Res Clin Prac . 2001;54:S7–S11
  60. Zgibor JC , Songer TJ . External barriers to diabetes care: addressing personal and health systems issues . Diabetes Spectrum . 2001;14:23–28
  61. Trecroci D . Easier injections: insulin pens offer convenience . Diabetes Interview . 2003;12:43–47
  62. Mayers D . Diabetes would you cure a profitable disease? . Diabetes Interview . 2003;12:35–41
  63. Trecroci D , King S . Spare $10 for a diabetes cure? . Diabetes Health . 2004;13:36–40 ,42
  64. Holstein WJ. The missing rivalry in health care. The New York Times 2004 Aug 15. Retrieved August 18, 2004 from http://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/15/business/yourmoney/15advi.html.
  65. Cosgrove P , Engelgau M , Islam T . Cost-effective approaches to diabetes care and prevention . Diabetes Voice . 2002;47:13–16

PII: S0029-6554(04)00158-7

doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2004.09.004

Nursing Outlook
Volume 53, Issue 1 , Pages 26-32 , January 2005