Nursing Outlook
Volume 55, Issue 4 , Pages 182-188 , July 2007

The image of the nurse on the internet

  • Beatrice J. Kalisch, PhD, RN, FAAN

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Beatrice J. Kalisch, PhD, RN, FAAN, University of Michigan, School of Nursing, 400 Ingalls Building, Room 4170, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482.
    • ,
  • Suzanne Begeny, MS, RN
    • ,
  • Sue Neumann, MS, RNC

References 

  1. Takase M, Kershaw E, Burt L. Does public image of nurses matter?. J Prof Nurs. 2002;18:196–205
  2. Dahl M. Nurses: An image change still needed. Int Nurs Rev. 1992;39:121–127
  3. Cunningham A. Nursing stereotypes. Nurs Stand. 1999;13:46–47
  4. Kitson A. Does nursing have a future?. BMJ. 1996;313:1647–1651
  5. McGillis Hall L, Angis J, Peter E, O’Brien-Pallas L, Wynn F, Donner G. Media portrayal of nurses’ perspectives and concerns in the SARS crisis in Toronto. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2003;35:211–216
  6. Evans J. Cautious caregivers: Gender stereotypes and the sexualization of men nurses’ touch. J Adv Nurse. 2002;40:441–448
  7. Fealy G. “The good nurse”: Visions and values in images of the nurse. J Adv Nurs. 2004;46:649–656
  8. Slusarska B, Krajewska-Kulak E, Zarzycka D. Children’s perceptions of the nursing profession in Poland. Nurs Educ Today. 2004;24:521–529
  9. Fung-kam L. Job satisfaction and autonomy of Hong Kong registered nurses. J Nurs Adm. 1997;27:355–363
  10. Tzeng H. Testing a conceptual model of the image of nursing in Taiwan. Int J Nurs Stud: article in press. Elsevier Ltd., 2005.
  11. LaSala KB, Nelson J. What contributes to professionalism?. Medsurg Nurs. 2005;14:63–67
  12. Gambrell M. Letter to the editor: Improving our image a nurse at a time. J Nurs Adm. 2004;34:273
  13. Gordon S. Nurses and public communication: Protecting definitional claims. J Nurs Manag. 2004;12:273–278
  14. Mee C. Recognizing a real nurse. Nurs. 2003;33:6
  15. Erlen J. The nursing shortage, patient care, and ethics. Orthop Nurs. 2001;20:61–65
  16. Staiger DO, Auerbach DI, Buerhaus PI. Expanding career opportunities for women and the declining interest in nursing as a career. Urol Nurs. 2001;21:185–195
  17. Krebs LU, Myers J, Decker G, Kinzler J, Asfanhani P, Jackson J. The oncology nursing image: Lifting the mist. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1996;23:1297–1304
  18. Chaney J, Folk P. A profession in caricature (Changing attitudes toward nursing in the American Medical News, 1960-1989). Nurs Hist Rev I. 1993;181–202
  19. Kalisch PA, Kalisch BJ, Scobey M. Images of Nurses on Television. New York, NY: Springer; 1983;
  20. Kalisch BJ, Kalisch PA. The changing image of the nurse. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Health Sciences Division; 1987;
  21. Beauregard MA, Deck DS, Kay KC, Haynes J, Inman R, Perry M, et al. In my opinion (Improving our image a nurse at a time). J Nurs Adm. 2003;33:510–511
  22. Christman L. Who is a nurse?. J Nurs Scholarsh. 1998;30:211–214
  23. Sigma Theta Tau International. The Woodhull study on nursing in the media-health care’s invisible partner. Indianapolis, IN: Center Nursing Press; 1997;
  24. Reiskin H, Haussler SC. Multicultural students’ perceptions of nursing as a career. J Nurs Scholarsh. 1994;26:61–64
  25. Buresh B, Gordon S, Bell N. Who counts in news coverage of health care?. Nurs Outlook. 1991;39:204–208
  26. The Pew Research Center. Trends 2005, Internet: The Mainstreaming of Online Life, Washington, DC, 2005. Available at: http://pewresearch.org/trends/trends2005.pdf. Accessed on July 16, 2005.
  27. Kaler SR, Levy DA, Schall M. Stereotypes of professional roles. Image J Nurs Sch. 1989;21:85–89
  28. Porter RT, Porter MJ, Lower MS. Enhancing the image of nursing. J Nurs Adm. 1989;19:36–40
  29. Kalisch PA, Kalisch BJ, Petrescu O. Newspapers and nursing: The print media image of perioperative nurses. AORN J. 1985;42:30–41
  30. Kalisch PA, Kalisch BJ. Nurses on prime-time television. Am J Nurs. 1982;82:264–270
  31. Kalisch BJ, Kalisch PA. The image of the nurse in motion pictures. Am J Nurs. 1982;82:605–611
  32. Kalisch BJ, Kalisch PA. The image of nurses in novels. Am J Nurs. 1982;82:1220–1224
  33. Kalisch PA, Kalisch BJ. The nurse-detective in American movies. Nurs Health Care. 1982;3:146–153
  34. Kalisch BJ, Kalisch PA. The world of nursing on prime time television, 1950 to 1980. Nurs Res. 1982;31:358–363
  35. Kalisch PA, Kalisch BJ, Clinton J. World of nursing on prime time television, 1950-1980. Nurs Res. 1982;31:358–363
  36. Kalisch BJ, Kalisch PA, McHugh M. The nurse as a sex object in motion pictures, 1930-1980. Res Nurs Health. 1982;5:147–154
  37. Kalisch PA, Kalisch BJ. The image of psychiatric nurses in motion pictures. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 1981;19:116–129
  38. Kalisch PA, Kalisch BJ. When nurses were national heroines: Images of nursing in American film, 1942-45. Nurs Forum. 1981;20:15–61
  39. Kalisch BJ, Kalisch PA, Clinton J. An analysis of news flow on the nation’s nurse shortage. Med Care. 1981;19:938–950
  40. Kalisch BJ, Kalisch PA, McHugh M. Content analysis of film stereotypes of nurses. Int J Womens Stud. 1980;3:531–558
  41. Kalisch B, Kalisch P. A comparative analysis of nurse and physician characters in the entertainment media. J Adv Nurs. 1986;11:179–195
  42. Hallam J. From angel to handmaidens: Changing constructions of nursing’s public image in post-war Britain. Nurs Inq. 1998;5:32–42
  43. Salvage J. The Politics of Nursing. London: Heinemann Educational; 1985;
  44. Judkins SK, Barr WJ, Clark D, Okimi P. Consumer perception of the professional nursing role: Development and testing of a scale. Nurse Res. 2000;7:32–39
  45. Lusk B. Pretty and powerless: Nurses in advertisements, 1930-1950. Res Nurs Health. 2000;23:229–236
  46. Bridges JM. Literature review on the images of the nurse and nursing in the media. J Adv Nurs. 1990;15:850–854
  47. Evans J. Cautious caregivers: gender stereotypes and the sexualization of men nurses’ touch. J Adv Nurs. 2002;40:441–448
  48. Summers S, Summers M. Media ‘nursing’: Retiring the handmaiden. Am J Nurs. 2004;104:2
  49. Takase M, Kershaw E, Burt L. Nurse-environment misfit and nursing practice. J Adv Nurs. 2001;35:819–826
  50. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration; 2002. A nation online: How Americans are expanding their use of the internet. Available at: http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/dn. Accessed July 30, 2004.
  51. Nunnally JC, Bernstein IH. (3rd ed). Psychometric Theory. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1994;
  52. Sullivan D. Whom powers whom? Search providers chart & Nielson Netratings search engine; 2003. Available at: www.searchenginewatch.com. Accessed on May 5, 2003.
  53. Yue L. Nursing’s newest recruits. (Chicago Tribune; Dec 19, 2005). Available at: www.chicagotribune.com/features/lifestyle/health/chi. Accessed on January 3, 2006.
  54. Buerhaus P, Steiger DO, Auerbach DI. Implications of an aging registered nurse workforce. JAMA. 2000;283:2948–2954
  55. Des Jardin K. Political involvement in nursing: Politics, ethics, and strategic action. AORN J. 2001;74:614–628
  56. Winter MK, Lockhart JS. From motivation to action: Understanding nurses’ political involvement. Nurs Health Care Perspect. 1997;18:244–250
  57. Kalisch BJ, Kalisch PA. Politics of Nursing. Philadelphia, PA: J.B. Lippincott; 1982;
  58. Davidson S. Changing image of the nurse. Oreg Nurse. 2000;65:4

PII: S0029-6554(06)00247-8

doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2006.09.002

Nursing Outlook
Volume 55, Issue 4 , Pages 182-188 , July 2007

Article Tools