Highlights
- •Significant limitations exist in reports of pillboxes in adherence interventions.
- •Pillbox study translation to practice should rely on reported, not assumed intervention components.
- •It is important to assess how control groups adhere to the control condition.
- •Receiving or enacting treatments is as important as reporting attrition.
- •The five components of intervention fidelity are underreported in pillbox studies.
- •It is unclear how to best enact pillboxes to support medication adherence behaviors.
Abstract
Background
Pillboxes are widely available, have evidence of effectiveness, but translating pillboxes
in self-management interventions requires an understanding of intervention components.
Purpose
To review components of intervention design, interventionist training, delivery, receipt,
enactment, and targeted behaviors in adherence studies.
Methods
Five multidisciplinary databases were searched to find reports of controlled trials
testing pillboxes and medication adherence interventions in adults managing medications.
Details of treatment fidelity, that is, design, training, delivery, receipt, and enactment,
were abstracted.
Findings
A total of 38 articles reporting 40 studies were included. Treatment fidelity descriptions
were often lacking, especially reporting receipt and enactment, important for both
control and intervention groups. Clearly reported details are needed to avoid making
assumptions when translating evidence.
Conclusion
These findings serve as a call to action to explicitly state intervention details.
Lack of reported intervention detail is a barrier to translating which components
of pillboxes work in influencing medication adherence behaviors and outcomes.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 14, 2017
Accepted:
December 31,
2016
Received in revised form:
November 4,
2016
Received:
June 1,
2016
Footnotes
Funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
